Why Indonesian Passport Including Weak in the World?
One day, my
friend complained about the difficulty of a visa visit to the United States. It
took a long struggle to be able to vacation there. Ribet and many conditions
include a certain amount of deposit money that must be owned and letters of
recommendation.
Not only the
United States, other developed countries like the UK was not easy to give
permission. Even from the passport rankings of the world's passport issued
passportindex and Indonesia must be satisfied in the position of 132 with a
total of 58 visa-free countries.
Visas are the
expression of relations between countries
According to
Henley & Partners, visas are a form of inter-state relations, and generally
reflect the status of a country within the international community. Thus, in
other words, the visa-free enforcement policy granted by a country is
influenced by the status of international relations.
How come I feel
unfair yes. Is not in Article 13 paragraph 2 of the General Statement on Human
Rights stated that "Everyone has the right to leave a country, including
his own country, and is entitled to return to his country" While in
reality, not all Indonesians and other citizens of the world can go out into
the country person.
Indonesia is
luckier than India
Indonesia is
still more lucky hell, there are 58 countries that give visa-free. While India,
only get 46 countries granting visa-free.
Curious, what
the hell that affects it? Why Indonesians are only allowed to visit 58
countries without a visa. While Germany, with his black passport is very free
diggia out into 158 countries.
Thanking Adam
Luedtke, Douglas G. Byrd, and Kristian P. Alexander. Thanks to research
published in the journal entitled "The Politics of Visa", I came to
know the reason why Indonesian passports are weak in the eyes of the world.
Here are the factors that affect the status and strength of the visa.
1. State stability factor
According to
the journal written by Luedtke "The Politics of Visa, 2010",
countries in Latin America who love peace and the use of homogeneous languages
tend to be easier to obtain state permits.
He explained
that conflict-prone countries and tends to easily arise tension with the
international world is not easy to get permission to visit visas.
Now we see
Indonesia, indeed Indonesia is not a country that is experiencing a war crisis
such as Pakistan or Syria, but the riot that occurred during the demonstration
became a negative value for the country granting visa-free permit.
2. Number of population
Next is the population problem. There is a fear for the visa giver to a country with a large population. They are afraid that the visa-free application will be used for massive migration.
For example India and China. Both countries are very large population is ranked 168 and 137 world. In contrast, Finland and Denmark which incidentally has a small population is ranked 4 and 5.
Not only India and China, Indonesia is also a country with a large population of the world. Well, other developed countries are afraid that we flock migration to their land which ultimately becomes their burden.
3. State's wealth
Then, Luedtke added, the income and welfare of residents of the country is also a determining factor in the granting of visa-free permits. Many countries apply the wealth or savings that exist in the bank as one of the requirements of granting visas.
The total amount of total per capita income of India is quite high, but the result is inversely proportional to the per capita income of its citizens. So, this Bollywood state is considered poor and few get visa-free. The position of India is still quite far below Indonesia. India in 167th position, while Indonesia in position 132.
4. Democratic country
Indeed, the amount of state income so one of the visa-free enforcement. But that's not enough. The democratic freedom that the country implements becomes its complementary factor.
Democratic countries that guarantee the political rights and civil liberties of their citizens tend to get more visa-free permits, because citizens of these countries are not considered a threat by the state of the visa.
5. Education and health
Among the four factors above, perhaps the educational and health factors so the serious attention of the visa-free licensors. Countries with a good level of English proficiency tend to more easily obtain visas.
Meanwhile, in relation to health problems, there are fears of the spread of dangerous virus virus brought by visitors from countries that are less concerned with the health of its citizens. Countries whose population is vulnerable to attack of a disease more difficult to get a visa permit.
6. Terrorism and violence
Any 3 terrorist attacks within a year in a country or a riot-ending demonstration can result in a 1 visa-free visa reduction.
The terrorism that is often associated with Muslims also brings uncomfortable winds to the Muslim traveler of the world. They are suspected of terrorism so there are developed countries who are very careful when receiving Muslim tourists. For example, the United States. The most controversial United States president Donald Trump could have chanted would forbid Muslims to enter the United States.
As we know, the people of Indonesia, Pakistan, Iraq, Afghanistan are majority Muslims. Fear of terrorism forces visa countries to limit visa-free grants to Muslim countries. Simply, because there is a growing terrorist assumption among Muslim countries.
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I do not understand the political problem, but the results of Adam Luedtke's research is a bitter reality that is quite difficult to accept. Why fear becomes the reason for the censor-ngotakan citizens of the world
